Some things I noticed.
An average human only needs to be fed every 5 days.
PHB 185
Average con = 10 = +0 con mod
therefore 3 days without food has no ill effect
On day 4, you suffer 1 level of exhaustion
On day 5, feed the peasant. and let them get a good night's sleep. That food and sleep both reset the starvation timer, and heal 1 level of Exhaustion
Of course if you only want to keep the best peasants you can make working them even cheaper.
To kill off any peasants with Con less than 12, feed them once every 6 days.
Or feed them once a week to only keep the Con 14+ peasants.
Thus Lawful Evil societies have a major economic advantage over Good societies.
What is worse, the 'survival of the fittest' method means that over several generations... The LE society can expect healthier and more resilient soldiers, and conscripts.... by starving them...
Also, if you spreadsheet out the running a business rules in DMG p129, you will find that the most profit per day, on average, comes from running the business for a day, then taking a day off, then rinse and repeat.
Thus the best profit boosting item any businessperson can have, is a fishing rod.